أعلنت الدول الأعضاء في منظمة التربية والعلم والثقافة "اليونسكو" في عام 2011 يوم 13 فبراير/شباط من كل عام يوما عالميا للإذاعة، واعتمدت الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة ذلك بعد مرور سنة.
UNESCO Radio is a strong way to celebrate humanity with all its diversity, as it constitutes a platform for democratic dialogue.
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Despite the emergence of television and smartphones, the radio continues its career as the most reliable and most used media in the world.Thus, the slogan of this year's version of the World Radio Day is "radio and trust".
تخطى مواضيع قد تهمك وواصل القراءةمواضيع قد تهمكTopics that may interest you end
On the occasion of World Radio Day 2022, UNESCO invites radio stations all over the world to celebrate the eleventh edition of this event and celebrate the anniversary of more than a century since the founding of the radio.
This version of the World Radio Day is divided into three main topics:
This is achieved by producing independent and high -quality content, as respecting the basic criteria for moral journalism has become difficult in the fast -rhythmic digital age of this age.
However, in order to maintain the confidence of the listeners or raise its level, the press must continue to rely on verified information and shared for the public interest, and the authorities bear accountability and help society build a better future for all.
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This is achieved by caring for the public;As access to a selection of people means serving information needs for all listeners and stimulating integration and social integration, including people with different disabilities.
Digital radio platforms provide a foundation for innovation with regard to the access of the content to this category of disabilities, such as the use of signals, the automatic translation of the audience who has hearing impairment when broadcasting, or the advertisement of content for blind listeners.
الاستمرارية
This is achieved by ensuring competitiveness, so how can the radio survive and steadfast when it strikes the financial crisis of the media market?How does the loyal audience turn into financial sustainability?
This issue links the economic survival of the radio stations and its ability to attract a large base with enough loyal listeners.
Thus, after more than 100 years have passed since the first radio broadcast, the radio is still an important media intermediary all over the world, without receiving its role or being involved.
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The radio has extended its authority, not only through the ether, but also on the virtual space;His fans can listen to hundreds of radio stations without a radio - online, and through applications on smartphones and mobile electronic devices.
Indeed, the same radio reported from the digital technology revolution to a large extent: that this technology made radio and registration tools smaller, lighter, fastest performance, and cheaper.It also revolutionized the ways to record sounds and music, control its quality and ease of ways to deal with it.
The World Radio Day represents an opportunity to tell the story of the BBC Arabic radio generator in 1938 on the threshold of World War II, which broke out the spark the year following the launch of the station.
مولدالقسم العربي
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On January 3, 1938, BBC Radio began to broadcast in Arabic, as the first radio station spoken in a foreign language belonging to the BBC.
"Here is London .. My Ladies are my masters ... We are broadcast today from London in Arabic for the first time in history ...." With these words, the first radio broadcast from the BBC Arabic section to the Near East region began with the voice of broadcaster Ahmed Kamal Sorour.
Britain at the time was occupying a number of Arab countries such as Egypt and Palestine, and it had widespread influence in a number of other Arab countries.
The launch of this station came in response to Italy launched Radio Bari Radio directed to the Arab world in 1934.
Radio Barry was broadcasting popular Arab music and advertising for fascism in the Arab world.
British officials were initially unbroken from this radio, but since 1935, the production of Radio Barry has explicitly hostile to Britain, and then British officials became concerned and began to discuss how London should respond to this.
Thus, thinking about Britain began to launch an Arab radio to respond to Barry Radio.
The BBC administration was not enthusiastic, as a document of the commission that dates back to that time says that the general manager of the commission at the time, Lord Raith, said: "The introduction of foreign languages into the radio will inevitably harm them."
In the end, the BBC agreed to broadcast an Arab radio, provided that it had independence from the British Foreign Ministry, as is the rest of the BBC sections that were present in that period.
Since 1937, detailed discussions on the form must be taken by the station, as well as issues related to content, and where the headquarters should be.
British officials were concerned about the nature of the Arabic language that should be used in broadcasting programs, as there was a deep awareness that in order for the proposed broadcasting to be understood on a large scale, and the station took seriously, taking the appropriate option linguistically is very important.
The Cabinet Committee, which was formed to discuss this issue, has reported that the Arabic language used in Radio Barry radio, which is believed to be a cleric of Libyan origin, was subject to criticism and irony by listeners who considered it a delicious and classic.
Thus, the option of "closed language" has become an unwanted choice, in addition to the fact that many uneducated Arabs will suffer in its understanding.However, due to the great difference in the regional dialects that exist all parts of the Arab world, the choice of one tone was a problem with the same extent, and British officials in the region have sometimes different opinions about this.
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In this context, the British Political Political Undersecretary in Kuwait indicated that the Najd Arab dialect is the perfect choice, noting that this dialect is the best in the Arabian Peninsula.
For his part, Professor Robin Forenes, Professor of English at King Fouad University, who previously worked as Deputy Director General of Egyptian Government Radio and a sergeant on the press in the Mandate Government on Palestine and a deputy to the sergeant on the newspapers in Egypt, stressed the need to make a good decision in this regard.
Forenes commented that Radio Barry is now using an anchor who speaks "Arabic non -grammar with a noticeable Levantine tone, and the Palestinian Arabs who talked to me about these programs mocked the announcer's tone, and if I asked the Egyptians, they will make fun of it more."
He added that in the Cairo radio, classical Arabic is used in general in religious, literary and historical programs, while the Egyptian vernacular is used in the tales and children's programs.
Forenes said that the broadcaster who is chosen for British radio should avoid colloquial dialects, as well as avoid ancient classic Arabic except in the areas where Al -Fusha is used on Cairo Radio, and he advised to use what he described as "Egyptian grammar".
Forenes believed that Egypt is "the largest and most advanced countries in the region, and the Islamic Education Center in it, and the broadcaster can be better understood by most listeners as he will be criticized less when using the Egyptian grammar, which, alongside Al -Fusha, considered it the closest approach to a common language."
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Although Miles Lampson, the British ambassador to Cairo at the time, accepted the advice of Forenes regarding the use of the Egyptian grammar, but he was afraid that some people see it, although it is very close to classical Arabic, to give an Egyptian flavor to a substance directed to the wide audience in the Arab countries, which is the matterWhich may reduce the impact of the station.
Despite the concerns of Ambassador Lampson, it seems that the advice of Forenes was influential, so the Egyptian Ahmed Kamal Sorour was the first Arab BBC, and he had previously worked on the Egyptian radio.
In its first radio broadcast of the Arab world, the third news came in the first news bulletin of the Arab section of the BBC as follows: "Palestine .. The death sentence was carried out by hanging in another Arab from the Arabs of Palestine."
The British Foreign Ministry expressed its dissatisfaction with that news, and one of its senior officials wrote: "Should the BBC be broadcasting the news of the execution of every Arab in Palestine?" And another complained that the general trend of radio officials contradicts the ideas of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
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However, the head of the British Broadcasting Corporation at that time, JB Clark, justified the BBC news, saying: "Failure to address the unpopular news facts and the concealment of the truth that opposes the authority's policy."
In this sentence, the Arab section established its feet from the first moment of its birth as a radio that has credibility, accuracy, impartiality and independence, which it remained for decades after that moment.
In September 1938, the British Broadcasting Corporation issued a secret report stating that listeners approved the Arabic language used and the quality of the programs offered by the station.
It drew attention that the opposition comments came from European personalities, the criticisms that the BBC report will be transcended because they are not based on sound information, as well as being hasty.
These criticisms included that the Egyptian dialect of the broadcasters is resenting Egypt.The report resorted to the opinion of an English person known in Baghdad to respond to these criticisms, where he said: "An Iraqi friend told me one day that he and his friend enjoyed listening to the Egyptian broadcaster while he was talking fluently."
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Professor James Hyurith Don, the chief Arabic lecturer at the Faculty of Oriental and African Studies, was one of the Europeans who criticized BBC Arabic Radio, where he attacked the style of broadcasters.
Although without he claimed that he expresses the opinion of all the Arabs who spoke with them on this matter, his point of view was refuted by a large group of evidence collected from all over the Arab world.
The BBC's Arabic section began its broadcast in 1938 within the World BC World, which was launched in 1932 with the English service for its speakers throughout the British Empire, from the Portland Bliss building near Oxford Cersopia Service Station in central London, but that did not continueFor a long time.
After Portland Pliss was bombed in 1940 during World War II, the global service to the BBC moved, and then included English and Arabic service and programs in German, Italian and French languages, to Bush House.
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Since then over more than 70 years, BBC Arabian Radio has been associated with Bush House, who left in 2012 to a new building adjacent to the Portland Bliss building, and it bears the name Broad Casting House.
Bush House is located at the end of the Kings Way Street in the Oldwich region. It was built by an American commercial company in the American style in the early twenties of the last century to be a commercial center and opened on US Independence Day on July 4, 1925.
In the twenties of the last century, Bush House was the most expensive building in the world, as it cost $ 10 million.
In view of the global economic depression at that time, the idea of the commercial center was canceled and turned into administrative offices.
At the entrance to this luxurious marble construction, you receive two large statues symbolizing the British American friendship, carrying a flame and shielding them with the British lion and the American eagle, standing above a model of an old altar under it a phrase for friendship between the English -speaking peoples.
The "American" statue lost its left arm in a German bombing of London in 1944, but a new arm was installed in 1977.
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مدة البث والمضمون
The BBC radio broadcast march has evolved over decades;At the beginning of its broadcast, the BBC programs lasted for one hour, in which "music compositions and interesting hadiths" were broadcast, according to the first broadcaster in the Arab section, and a summary of the world's daily news.
Then the broadcast hours increased over the following years until it reached nine hours.
When the first Gulf War began in 1990, a decision was taken to increase the number of broadcasting hours to 18 hours, and the second Gulf War in 2003 became another distinctive and different sign in the history of Arab Broadcasting in the BBC when the broadcast hours increased again to 24 hours a day.
Of course, the content of the BBC materials has expanded to address the news, the analytical political programs, cultural, scientific and entertainment programs and interactive programs with listeners.
BBC has also been associated with the minds of listeners in the Arab world to learn the English language.The radio has been providing English education programs, whether across the ether or later on its website.
BBC Radio is still listening to many throughout the Arab world, and it also played a role in developing the Arab media during the past century.According to the researcher's study, Louis Aldi, published on the British Library website.
The high number of listeners for BBC Arab Radio reflects the global appreciation of it, as the number of listeners exceeds 13 million people per week, according to independent opinion polls.
Just as the broadcast in Arabic was the first in foreign radio at the BBC, it was also the decision to launch an Arab TV channel from the BBC.
In July 1994, BBC started broadcasting her Arabic -speaking TV, which was hoping to obtain his funding from the British Foreign Ministry.
However, the government refused to finance the project and then the authority resorted to the Orbit Communications Company, a Saudi company.
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Orbit pledged to the BBC to give it the editorial independence, in line with the prevailing policy of the BBC, but after the BBC broadcast a report on the human rights situation in Saudi Arabia in 1996, Orbit decided to cut funding on the Arab TV of the Authority.
However, this obstacle did not stop in the way of the progress of the Arab section;In 1998, he launched a BBC Arabic.com news website, which became the first Arab news site to be renewed 24 hours a day, which made him get many awards.
With its celebration of its seventieth day in 2008, the Arab BBC launched a news television channel to broadcast its media content of the Arab world and the rest of the world on the multiple destinations, the radio, the Internet, and the television.
